It depends on what car you have. 73 and up will require a big block k frame or conversion mounts, whereas 72 and down B bodies you just change the motor mounts. Radiator change may be necessary for extra cooling and/or proper hose outlet locations. Fuel tank and pickup may want to be upgraded to a larger diameter for more fuel to the big block, and more things depending on the transmission you have. Most 318's had a 904 Torqueflite, or a 3 speed stick. All big blocks had a 727 Torqueflite or a 4 speed A-833. If your can is an automatic, it likely has a 904, but that's not a guarantee. (for some reason, my 318 charger came with a 727 from the factory). If that's the case, you'll have to shorten your driveshaft to accomodate the longer 727 in the car. small block and big block 727's and A-833 had the same driveshaft length IF they shared the same rear end assembly (like an 8 1/4, 8 3/4, dana, etc.)
Also to consider is a lokar kickdown kit. It makes the swap sooooo much easier, getting rid of all the cranks and rods, replacing them with a cable type system that also looks pretty under the hood! But that's only if you're car is an automatic.