Was Ted Williams on the list?? he flew a b-17 didn't he? put his baseball on hold to help our country. God Bless them all. Dave.
Military service[edit]
Ted Williams
Williams served as a
Naval Aviator during World War II and the
Korean War. Unlike many other major league players, he did not spend all of his war-time playing on service teams.
[141] Williams had been classified 3-A by Selective Service prior to the war, a dependency deferment because he was his mother's sole means of financial support. When his classification was changed to 1-A following the American entry into World War II, Williams appealed to his local draft board. The draft board ruled that his draft status should not have been changed. He made a public statement that once he had built up his mother's trust fund, he intended to enlist. Even so, criticism in the media, including withdrawal of an endorsement contract by
Quaker Oats, resulted in his enlistment in the U.S. Naval Reserve on May 22, 1942.
Williams did not opt for an easy assignment playing baseball for the Navy, but rather joined the V-5 program to become a Naval aviator. Williams was first sent to the Navy's Preliminary Ground School at
Amherst College for six months of academic instruction in various subjects including math and navigation, where he achieved a 3.85 grade point average.
Williams was talented as a pilot, and so enjoyed it that he had to be ordered by the Navy to leave training to personally accept his American League 1942
Major League Baseball Triple Crown.
[141] Williams' Red Sox teammate,
Johnny Pesky, who went into the same aviation training program, said this about Williams: "He mastered intricate problems in fifteen minutes which took the average cadet an hour, and half of the other cadets there were college grads." Pesky again described Williams' acumen in the advance training, for which Pesky personally did not qualify: "I heard Ted literally tore the sleeve target to shreds with his angle dives. He'd shoot from wingovers, zooms, and barrel rolls, and after a few passes the sleeve was ribbons. At any rate, I know he broke the all-time record for hits." Ted went to Jacksonville for a course in aerial gunnery, the combat pilot's payoff test, and broke all the records in reflexes, coordination, and visual-reaction time. "From what I heard. Ted could make a plane and its six 'pianos' (machine guns) play like a symphony orchestra", Pesky says. "From what they said, his reflexes, coordination, and visual reaction made him a built-in part of the machine."
[142]
Williams completed pre-flight training in
Athens, Georgia, his primary training at
NAS Bunker Hill, Indiana, and his advanced flight training at
NAS Pensacola. He received his gold
Naval Aviator wings and his commission as a second lieutenant in the
U.S. Marine Corps on May 2, 1944.
Williams served as a
flight instructor at NAS Pensacola teaching young pilots to fly the complicated
F4U Corsair fighter plane. Williams was in Pearl Harbor awaiting orders to join the Fleet in the
Western Pacific when the
War in the Pacific ended. He finished the war in Hawaii, and then he was released from active duty on January 12, 1946, but he did remain in the
Marine Corps Reserve.
[78]
Press photo of Williams signing autographs in Kokomo, Indiana 1944.
Korean War[edit]
On May 1, 1952, 14 months after his promotion to
captain in the Marine Corps Reserve, Williams was recalled to active duty for service in the
Korean War.
[143] He had not flown any aircraft for eight years but he turned down all offers to sit out the war in comfort as a member of a service baseball team. Nevertheless, Williams was resentful of being called up, which he admitted years later, particularly regarding the Navy's policy of calling up Inactive Reservists rather than members of the Active Reserve.
After eight weeks of refresher flight training and qualification in the
F9F Panther jet fighter at the
Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point,
North Carolina, Williams was assigned to
VMF-311,
Marine Aircraft Group 33 (MAG-33), based at the
K-3 airfield in
Pohang, South Korea.
[78]
On February 16, 1953, Williams, flying as the wingman for
John Glenn (later astronaut then U.S. Senator), was part of a 35-plane raid against a tank and infantry training school just south of
Pyongyang, North Korea. During the mission, a piece of
flak knocked out his hydraulics and electrical systems, causing Williams to have to "limp" his plane back to
K-13 air base, a
U.S. Air Force airfield close to the front lines. The plane burst into flames soon after he landed. For his actions of this day, he was awarded the
Air Medal.
Williams stayed on K-13 for several days while his plane was being repaired. Because he was so popular, GIs and
airmen from all around the base came to see him and his plane. After it was repaired, Williams flew his plane back to his Marine Corps airfield.
Williams flew 39 combat missions in Korea, earning the Air Medal with two
Gold Stars in lieu of second and third awards, before being withdrawn from flight status in June 1953 after a hospitalization for pneumonia. This resulted in the discovery of an
inner ear infection that disqualified him from flight status.
[144] During the Korean War, Williams also served in the same Marine Corps unit with John Glenn; the future astronaut described Williams as one of the best pilots he knew,
[141] while his wife Annie described him as the most profane man she ever met.
[145] In the last half of his missions, Williams was flying as Glenn's wingman.
[146]
Williams likely would have exceeded 600 career home runs if he had not served in the military, and may have even approached Babe Ruth's then record of 714. He might have set the record for career RBIs as well, exceeding
Hank Aaron's total.
[141] While the absences in the Marine Corps took almost five years out of his baseball career, he never publicly complained about the time devoted to service in the Marine Corps. His biographer, Leigh Montville, argued that Williams was not happy about being pressed into service in South Korea, but he did what he thought was his patriotic duty.
Following his return to the United States in August 1953, he resigned his Reserve commission to resume his baseball career.
[143]